Editing 2022 in science (section)

===June===
[[File:Hematopoiesis_simple.svg|thumb|1 June: A study substantiates a novel [[Senescence|theory of ageing]] – clonal diversity loss of [[haematopoiesis|hematopoietic]] [[stem cell]]s – which could enable [[life extension|healthy aging]].]]
[[File:Carbon_Dioxide_800kyr.svg|thumb|3 June: The global {{CO2}} level exceeds the milestone of being 50% greater than in the pre-industrial era]]
*1 June &ndash; A study shows the clonal diversity of [[stem cell]]s that [[haematopoiesis|produce blood cells]] gets drastically reduced around age 70 {{tooltip|2=from 20,000–200,000 HSC/MPPs contributing evenly to 10–20 expanded clones accounting for 30–60% of haematopoiesis due to mutations that occurred decades earlier that make them grow faster|to a faster-growing few}}, substantiating [[Stem cell theory of aging#Hematopoietic stem cell diversity aging|a novel]] [[Senescence|theory of ageing]] which could enable [[life extension|healthy aging]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Research may reveal why people can suddenly become frail in their 70s |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/jun/01/research-may-reveal-why-people-can-suddenly-become-frail-in-their-70s |access-date=18 July 2022 |work=The Guardian |date=1 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Mitchell |first1=Emily |last2=Spencer Chapman |first2=Michael |last3=Williams |first3=Nicholas |last4=Dawson |first4=Kevin J. |last5=Mende |first5=Nicole |last6=Calderbank |first6=Emily F. |last7=Jung |first7=Hyunchul |last8=Mitchell |first8=Thomas |last9=Coorens |first9=Tim H. H. |last10=Spencer |first10=David H. |last11=Machado |first11=Heather |last12=Lee-Six |first12=Henry |last13=Davies |first13=Megan |last14=Hayler |first14=Daniel |last15=Fabre |first15=Margarete A. |last16=Mahbubani |first16=Krishnaa |last17=Abascal |first17=Federico |last18=Cagan |first18=Alex |last19=Vassiliou |first19=George S. |last20=Baxter |first20=Joanna |last21=Martincorena |first21=Inigo |last22=Stratton |first22=Michael R. |last23=Kent |first23=David G. |last24=Chatterjee |first24=Krishna |last25=Parsy |first25=Kourosh Saeb |last26=Green |first26=Anthony R. |last27=Nangalia |first27=Jyoti |last28=Laurenti |first28=Elisa |last29=Campbell |first29=Peter J. |title=Clonal dynamics of haematopoiesis across the human lifespan |journal=Nature |date=June 2022 |volume=606 |issue=7913 |pages=343–350 |doi=10.1038/s41586-022-04786-y |pmid=35650442 |pmc=9177428 |bibcode=2022Natur.606..343M |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref>
*2 June &ndash; First success of a clinical trial for a [[3D bioprinting#Transplantable organs and organs for research|3D bioprinted transplant]], an [[Auricle (anatomy)|external ear]] to treat [[microtia]],<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=A Multicenter, Single Arm, Prospective, Open-Label, Staged Study of the Safety and Efficacy of the AuriNovo Construct for Auricular Reconstruction in Subjects With Unilateral Microtia |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04399239 |publisher=clinicaltrials.gov |access-date=19 July 2022 |date=15 October 2021}}</ref> that is made from the patient's own cells is reported.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||last1=Rabin |first1=Roni Caryn |title=Doctors Transplant Ear of Human Cells, Made by 3-D Printer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/02/health/ear-transplant-3d-printer.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=19 July 2022 |date=2 June 2022}}</ref>
*3 June &ndash; The [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] reports that the global concentration of [[carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere]] is now 50% greater than in pre-industrial times, and is likely at a level last seen [[Neogene|4.1 to 4.5 million years ago]], at 421 parts per million (ppm).<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=Carbon dioxide now more than 50% higher than pre-industrial levels |url=https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/carbon-dioxide-now-more-than-50-higher-than-pre-industrial-levels|website=NOAA|date=3 June 2022 |access-date=5 June 2022}}</ref>
*5 June &ndash; Progress in the [[treatment of cancer]]:<br/>A very small trial shows complete remission of a type of [[colorectal cancer]] without surgery and radiation in all 12 patients.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Osborne |first1=Margaret |title=Small Cancer Trial Resulted in Complete Remission for All Participants |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/small-cancer-trial-resulted-in-complete-remission-for-all-participants-180980221/ |access-date=21 July 2022 |work=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Cercek |first1=Andrea |last2=Lumish |first2=Melissa |last3=Sinopoli |first3=Jenna |last4=Weiss |first4=Jill |last5=Shia |first5=Jinru |last6=Lamendola-Essel |first6=Michelle |last7=El Dika |first7=Imane H. |last8=Segal |first8=Neil |last9=Shcherba |first9=Marina |last10=Sugarman |first10=Ryan |last11=Stadler |first11=Zsofia |last12=Yaeger |first12=Rona |last13=Smith |first13=J. Joshua |last14=Rousseau |first14=Benoit |last15=Argiles |first15=Guillem |last16=Patel |first16=Miteshkumar |last17=Desai |first17=Avni |last18=Saltz |first18=Leonard B. |last19=Widmar |first19=Maria |last20=Iyer |first20=Krishna |last21=Zhang |first21=Janie |last22=Gianino |first22=Nicole |last23=Crane |first23=Christopher |last24=Romesser |first24=Paul B. |last25=Pappou |first25=Emmanouil P. |last26=Paty |first26=Philip |last27=Garcia-Aguilar |first27=Julio |last28=Gonen |first28=Mithat |last29=Gollub |first29=Marc |last30=Weiser |first30=Martin R. |last31=Schalper |first31=Kurt A. |last32=Diaz |first32=Luis A. |title=PD-1 Blockade in Mismatch Repair–Deficient, Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=23 June 2022 |volume=386 |issue=25 |pages=2363–2376 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2201445 |pmid=35660797 |pmc=9492301 |s2cid=249395846 |issn=0028-4793}}</ref> On the same day, results of a trial show that [[trastuzumab deruxtecan]] therapy for [[HER2]]-low metastatic [[breast cancer]] exceeded results from [[chemotherapy]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Leads to Longer PFS and OS Compared with Chemotherapy in Previously Treated HER2-Low Unresectable or Metastatic Breast Cancer |url=https://www.esmo.org/oncology-news/trastuzumab-deruxtecan-leads-to-longer-pfs-and-os-compared-with-chemotherapy-in-previously-treated-her2-low-unresectable-or-metastatic-breast-cancer |access-date=21 July 2022 |work=www.esmo.org}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Modi |first1=Shanu |last2=Jacot |first2=William |last3=Yamashita |first3=Toshinari |last4=Sohn |first4=Joohyuk |last5=Vidal |first5=Maria |last6=Tokunaga |first6=Eriko |last7=Tsurutani |first7=Junji |last8=Ueno |first8=Naoto T. |last9=Prat |first9=Aleix |last10=Chae |first10=Yee Soo |last11=Lee |first11=Keun Seok |last12=Niikura |first12=Naoki |last13=Park |first13=Yeon Hee |last14=Xu |first14=Binghe |last15=Wang |first15=Xiaojia |last16=Gil-Gil |first16=Miguel |last17=Li |first17=Wei |last18=Pierga |first18=Jean-Yves |last19=Im |first19=Seock-Ah |last20=Moore |first20=Halle C. F. |last21=Rugo |first21=Hope S. |last22=Yerushalmi |first22=Rinat |last23=Zagouri |first23=Flora |last24=Gombos |first24=Andrea |last25=Kim |first25=Sung-Bae |last26=Liu |first26=Qiang |last27=Luo |first27=Ting |last28=Saura |first28=Cristina |last29=Schmid |first29=Peter |last30=Sun |first30=Tao |last31=Gambhire |first31=Dhiraj |last32=Yung |first32=Lotus |last33=Wang |first33=Yibin |last34=Singh |first34=Jasmeet |last35=Vitazka |first35=Patrik |last36=Meinhardt |first36=Gerold |last37=Harbeck |first37=Nadia |last38=Cameron |first38=David A. |title=Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated HER2-Low Advanced Breast Cancer |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=5 June 2022 |volume=387 |issue=1 |pages=9–20 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2203690 |pmid=35665782 |hdl=2445/197309 |s2cid=249418284 |url=https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/4095995e-3067-46c9-875a-a70cdb641427 |language=en}}</ref> The synthesis of ERX-41, a novel compound that has shown promise in eliminating [[cancer cells]], is reported (2 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||title=Targeting LIPA independent of its lipase activity is a therapeutic strategy in solid tumors via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]| date=2 June 2022|pages=866–884 |doi=10.1038/s43018-022-00389-8|pmid=35654861 |s2cid=249312892 |last1=Liu |first1=Xihui |last2=Viswanadhapalli |first2=Suryavathi |last3=Kumar |first3=Shourya |last4=Lee |first4=Tae-Kyung |last5=Moore |first5=Andrew |last6=Ma |first6=Shihong |last7=Chen |first7=Liping |last8=Hsieh |first8=Michael |last9=Li |first9=Mengxing |last10=Sareddy |first10=Gangadhara R. |last11=Parra |first11=Karla |last12=Blatt |first12=Eliot B. |last13=Reese |first13=Tanner C. |last14=Zhao |first14=Yuting |last15=Chang |first15=Annabel |last16=Yan |first16=Hui |last17=Xu |first17=Zhenming |last18=Pratap |first18=Uday P. |last19=Liu |first19=Zexuan |last20=Roggero |first20=Carlos M. |last21=Tan |first21=Zhenqiu |last22=Weintraub |first22=Susan T. |last23=Peng |first23=Yan |last24=Tekmal |first24=Rajeshwar R. |last25=Arteaga |first25=Carlos L. |last26=Lippincott-Schwartz |first26=Jennifer |last27=Vadlamudi |first27=Ratna K. |last28=Ahn |first28=Jung-Mo |last29=Raj |first29=Ganesh V. |volume=3 |issue=7 |pmc=9325671 }}</ref> Researchers describe a new light-activated '[[photoimmunotherapy]]' for [[brain cancer]] ''[[in vitro]]''. They believe it could join surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy as a fifth major form of cancer treatment (16 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/jun/17/scientists-harness-light-therapy-to-target-and-kill-cancer-cells-in-world-first |title=Scientists harness light therapy to target and kill cancer cells in world first |work=The Guardian| date=17 June 2022| access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Mączyńska |first1=Justyna |last2=Raes |first2=Florian |last3=Da Pieve |first3=Chiara |last4=Turnock |first4=Stephen |last5=Boult |first5=Jessica K. R. |last6=Hoebart |first6=Julia |last7=Niedbala |first7=Marcin |last8=Robinson |first8=Simon P. |last9=Harrington |first9=Kevin J. |last10=Kaspera |first10=Wojciech |last11=Kramer-Marek |first11=Gabriela |title=Triggering anti-GBM immune response with EGFR-mediated photoimmunotherapy |journal=BMC Medicine |date=21 January 2022 |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=16 |doi=10.1186/s12916-021-02213-z |pmid=35057796 |pmc=8780306 |issn=1741-7015}}
* News release: {{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.icr.ac.uk/news-archive/light-activated-photoimmunotherapy-could-enhance-brain-cancer-treatment |title=Light-activated 'photoimmunotherapy' could enhance brain cancer treatment |work=Institute of Cancer Research| date=16 June 2022| access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref>
*6 June &ndash; Cats are added to the [[list of animals that can get SARS-CoV-2|list of animals that can get SARS-CoV-2 and spread it back to humans]], albeit the transmission is considered uncommon<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Mallapaty |first1=Smriti |title=First reported case of a person getting COVID from a cat |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01792-y |access-date=19 July 2022 |journal=Nature |date=29 June 2022 |language=en |doi=10.1038/d41586-022-01792-y}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Sila |first1=Thanit |last2=Sunghan |first2=Jutapoln |last3=Laochareonsuk |first3=Wison |last4=Surasombatpattana |first4=Smonrapat |last5=Kongkamol |first5=Chanon |last6=Ingviya |first6=Thammasin |last7=Siripaitoon |first7=Pisud |last8=Kositpantawong |first8=Narongdet |last9=Kanchanasuwan |first9=Siripen |last10=Hortiwakul |first10=Thanaporn |last11=Charernmak |first11=Boonsri |last12=Nwabor |first12=Ozioma Forstinus |last13=Silpapojakul |first13=Kachornsakdi |last14=Chusri |first14=Sarunyou |title=Suspected Cat-to-Human Transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Thailand, July–September 2021  |volume=28 |number=7 |date=July 2022 |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |pages=1485–1488 |doi=10.3201/eid2807.212605 |pmid=35666777 |pmc=9239874 |s2cid=249434258 |language=en-us}}</ref> and not to be a source of [[SARS-CoV-2 variants|variants of concern]] since the August 2021 detection.
[[File:Monkeypox cumulative-cases linear-plot.svg|thumb|24 June: Early [[2022 monkeypox outbreak]] research finds the "presumably slow-evolving" [[DNA virus]] has evolved roughly 6–12-fold more mutations than one would expect.]]
[[File:New_rocket_body_impact_double_crater_on_the_Moon.png|thumb|24 June: NASA publishes images showing an unexpected double crater from what is thought to be the first time human [[space debris]] – likely by a spent [[rocket body]] – unintentionally [[Hertzsprung (crater)#2022 Long March 3C third stage impact|hit the lunar surface on 4 March]].]]
*8 June
**Observation of the {{vanchor|axial Higgs mode}}, a [[Higgs boson]]-like excitation in a [[charge density wave]] material, is reported.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Axial Higgs mode spotted in materials at room temperature |url=https://physicsworld.com/a/axial-higgs-mode-spotted-in-materials-at-room-temperature/ |access-date=23 July 2022 |work=Physics World |date=4 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Wang |first1=Yiping |last2=Petrides |first2=Ioannis |last3=McNamara |first3=Grant |last4=Hosen |first4=Md Mofazzel |last5=Lei |first5=Shiming |last6=Wu |first6=Yueh-Chun |last7=Hart |first7=James L. |last8=Lv |first8=Hongyan |last9=Yan |first9=Jun |last10=Xiao |first10=Di |last11=Cha |first11=Judy J. |date=2022-06-08 |title=Axial Higgs mode detected by quantum pathway interference in RTe3 |journal=Nature |volume=606 |issue=7916 |language=en |pages=896–901 |arxiv=2112.02454 |bibcode=2022Natur.606..896W |doi=10.1038/s41586-022-04746-6 |pmid=35676485 |s2cid=244908655 |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> It was incorrectly reported in some press releases as a [[dark matter]] particle.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||author1=[[Peter Woit]] |title=Physicists Discover Never-Before Seen Particle Sitting On a Tabletop |url=https://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=12936 |website=Not Even Wrong |access-date=9 June 2022 |date=9 June 2022}}</ref>
**Scientists provide an overview of the capabilities of<!-- ongoing, recent, past, planned and proposed--> missions and observatories for detecting various alien [[technosignature]]s.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Axe |first1=David |title=The Alien Hunter's Playbook Is Getting a Cutting-Edge Rewrite |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/scientists-are-rewriting-the-alien-hunting-playbook-to-redefine-signs-of-life |access-date=19 July 2022 |work=The Daily Beast |date=11 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Haqq-Misra |first1=Jacob |last2=Schwieterman |first2=Edward W. |last3=Socas-Navarro |first3=Hector |last4=Kopparapu |first4=Ravi |last5=Angerhausen |first5=Daniel |last6=Beatty |first6=Thomas G. |last7=Berdyugina |first7=Svetlana |last8=Felton |first8=Ryan |last9=Sharma |first9=Siddhant |last10=De la Torre |first10=Gabriel G. |last11=Apai |first11=Dániel |title=Searching for technosignatures in exoplanetary systems with current and future missions |journal=Acta Astronautica |date=1 September 2022 |volume=198 |pages=194–207 |doi=10.1016/j.actaastro.2022.05.040 |arxiv=2206.00030 |bibcode=2022AcAau.198..194H |s2cid=249240495 |language=en |issn=0094-5765}}</ref>
*9 June
**A study estimates the [[air pollution]] impacts on climate change and the ozone layer from rocket launches and re-entry of reusable components and [[space debris|debris]] in 2019 and from a theoretical future [[space industry]] extrapolated from the "[[billionaire space race]]". It concludes that substantial effects from routine [[space tourism]] should "motivate [[space law|regulation]]".<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Space tourism from companies like SpaceX, Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin could undo work to repair ozone layer, study finds |url=https://news.sky.com/story/space-tourism-from-companies-like-spacex-virgin-galactic-and-blue-origin-could-undo-work-to-repair-ozone-layer-study-finds-12640296 |access-date=19 July 2022 |work=Sky News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Ryan |first1=Robert G. |last2=Marais |first2=Eloise A. |last3=Balhatchet |first3=Chloe J. |last4=Eastham |first4=Sebastian D. |title=Impact of Rocket Launch and Space Debris Air Pollutant Emissions on Stratospheric Ozone and Global Climate |journal=Earth's Future |date=June 2022 |volume=10 |issue=6 |pages=e2021EF002612 |doi=10.1029/2021EF002612 |pmid=35865359 |pmc=9287058 |bibcode=2022EaFut..1002612R |language=en |issn=2328-4277}}</ref>
**Researchers report a robotic finger [[soft robotics|covered in a type of manufactured living human skin]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Scientists grew living human skin around a robotic finger |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/robotic-finger-human-skin-self-healing |access-date=20 July 2022 |work=Science News |date=9 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Kawai |first1=Michio |last2=Nie |first2=Minghao |last3=Oda |first3=Haruka |last4=Morimoto |first4=Yuya |last5=Takeuchi |first5=Shoji |title=Living skin on a robot |journal=Matter |date=6 July 2022 |volume=5 |issue=7 |pages=2190–2208 |doi=10.1016/j.matt.2022.05.019 |language=English |issn=2590-2393}}</ref> Researchers demonstrate an [[electronic skin]] giving biological [[skin]]-like [[Robotic sensing|haptic sensations and touch/pain-sensitivity to a robotic hand]] (1 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Liu |first1=Fengyuan |last2=Deswal |first2=Sweety |last3=Christou |first3=Adamos |last4=Shojaei Baghini |first4=Mahdieh |last5=Chirila |first5=Radu |last6=Shakthivel |first6=Dhayalan |last7=Chakraborty |first7=Moupali |last8=Dahiya |first8=Ravinder |title=Printed synaptic transistor–based electronic skin for robots to feel and learn |journal=Science Robotics |date=June 2022 |volume=7 |issue=67 |pages=eabl7286 |doi=10.1126/scirobotics.abl7286 |pmid=35648845 |s2cid=249275626 |url-access=subscription |language=en |issn=2470-9476|url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/270490/1/270490.pdf }}</ref> A system of an electronic skin and a human-machine interface is reported that can enable [[remote sensing|remote sensed]] [[Tactile discrimination#Robotic tactile discrimination|tactile perception]], and [[Wearable technology|wearable]] or [[robotic sensing]] of many hazardous substances and [[Biosensor#Pathogen detection|pathogens]] (1 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Yu |first1=You |last2=Li |first2=Jiahong |last3=Solomon |first3=Samuel A. |last4=Min |first4=Jihong |last5=Tu |first5=Jiaobing |last6=Guo |first6=Wei |last7=Xu |first7=Changhao |last8=Song |first8=Yu |last9=Gao |first9=Wei |title=All-printed soft human-machine interface for robotic physicochemical sensing |journal=Science Robotics |date=June 1, 2022 |volume=7 |issue=67 |pages=eabn0495 |doi=10.1126/scirobotics.abn0495 |pmid=35648844 |pmc=9302713 |language=en |issn=2470-9476 }}</ref> A multilayer [[tactile sensor]] [[hydrogel]]-based robot skin is demonstrated (8 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Park |first1=K. |last2=Yuk |first2=H. |last3=Yang |first3=M. |last4=Cho |first4=J. |last5=Lee |first5=H. |last6=Kim |first6=J. |title=A biomimetic elastomeric robot skin using electrical impedance and acoustic tomography for tactile sensing |journal=Science Robotics |date=8 June 2022 |volume=7 |issue=67 |pages=eabm7187 |doi=10.1126/scirobotics.abm7187 |pmid=35675452 |s2cid=249520303 |language=en |issn=2470-9476}}</ref>
*10 June &ndash; The core of the [[globular cluster]] [[NGC 3201]] is shown to harbor a sub-cluster of nearly a hundred [[black holes]]. The same study also confirms that the globular cluster [[NGC 6397]] has ejected most of its original black hole population, and its inner mass excess is composed by hundreds of massive [[white dwarfs]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||date=10 June 2022|title=Chasser des trous noirs dans un cimetière d'étoiles | url=https://www.insu.cnrs.fr/fr/cnrsinfo/chasser-des-trous-noirs-dans-un-cimetiere-detoiles}}</ref><ref name="Vitral+22">{{Citation | last1=Vitral | first1=Eduardo |title=Stellar graveyards: clustering of compact objects in globular clusters NGC 3201 and NGC 6397| last2=Kremer | first2=Kyle | last3=Libralato | first3=Mattia | last4=Mamon | first4=Gary A. | last5=Bellini | first5=Andrea | doi=10.1093/mnras/stac1337 | date=2022 | journal=  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society| volume=514 | issue=1 | page=806 | bibcode = 2022MNRAS.514..806V | arxiv=2202.01599 }}</ref>
*13 June &ndash; [[Non-government reactions to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine#Science and technology|Science]] and the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]]:<br/>Groups of academics report how global [[science community]] could help Ukraine via an action plan, including for helping organizing (re)vitalization of [[Science and technology in Ukraine|Ukrainian science]] and reconstruction in the future.<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Duszyński |first1=Jerzy |last2=McNutt |first2=Marcia |last3=Zagorodny |first3=Anatoly |title=A future for Ukrainian science |journal=Science |date=17 June 2022 |volume=376 |issue=6599 |pages=1249 |doi=10.1126/science.add4088 |pmid=35695734 |bibcode=2022Sci...376.1249D |s2cid=249623002 |language=en |issn=0036-8075}}</ref> On the same day, a researcher outlined a number of possible major [[policy]]-based actions that could mitigate the energy and resource crises caused or exacerbated by the war.<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Creutzig |first1=Felix |title=Fuel crisis: slash demand in three sectors to protect economies and climate |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01616-z |journal=Nature |access-date=22 July 2022 |pages=460–462 |language=en |doi=10.1038/d41586-022-01616-z |date=June 2022|volume=606 |issue=7914 |pmid=35764814 |bibcode=2022Natur.606..460C |s2cid=250114272 }}</ref> Russian space agency [[Roscosmos]] announces the intent to, unilaterally and hazardously, take over paused telescope [[eROSITA]], launched in collaboration with Germany (4 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Russia plans to restart German telescope without permission|date=2022-06-04|url=https://www.dw.com/en/russia-plans-to-restart-german-telescope-without-permission/a-62033082 |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=Deutsche Welle}}</ref> A science journalist outlines some of the [[food system]]-related [[Environmental impact of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|environmental impacts of the war]] (21 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Russia's invasion could cause long-term harm to Ukraine's prized soil |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/ukraine-russia-war-soil-agriculture-crops |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=Science News |date=21 June 2022}}</ref> A study reports a number of humanitarian, [[Economic impact of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|economic, and financial]] impacts of the war (23 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Astrov |first1=Vasily |last2=Ghodsi |first2=Mahdi |last3=Grieveson |first3=Richard |last4=Holzner |first4=Mario |last5=Kochnev |first5=Artem |last6=Landesmann |first6=Michael |last7=Pindyuk |first7=Olga |last8=Stehrer |first8=Robert |last9=Tverdostup |first9=Maryna |last10=Bykova |first10=Alexandra |title=Russia's invasion of Ukraine: assessment of the humanitarian, economic, and financial impact in the short and medium term |journal=International Economics and Economic Policy |date=1 May 2022 |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=331–381 |doi=10.1007/s10368-022-00546-5 |s2cid=249987393 |language=en |issn=1612-4812}}</ref>
*15 June
**Astronomers identify [[J1144–4308|J1144]] as the fastest-growing [[black hole]] of the last nine billion years, consuming matter equivalent to one Earth every second, as well as being the most luminous quasi-stellar object of that period.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.anu.edu.au/news/all-news/scientists-discover-rapidly-growing-black-hole |title=Scientists discover rapidly growing black hole |work=Australian National University| date=15 June 2022| access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite web || url=https://phys.org/news/2022-06-luminous-quasar-astronomers.html |title=New luminous quasar detected by astronomers |work=Phys.org| date=16 June 2022| access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Onken |first1=Christopher A. |last2=Lai |first2=Samuel |last3=Wolf |first3=Christian |last4=Lucy |first4=Adrian B. |last5=Hon |first5=Wei Jeat |last6=Tisserand |first6=Patrick |last7=Sokoloski |first7=Jennifer L. |last8=Luna |first8=Gerardo J. M. |last9=Manick |first9=Rajeev |last10=Fan |first10=Xiaohui |last11=Bian |first11=Fuyan |title=Discovery of the most luminous quasar of the last 9 Gyr |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia |date=8 June 2022|volume=39 |doi=10.1017/pasa.2022.36 |arxiv=2206.04204 |bibcode=2022PASA...39...37O |s2cid=249538461 }}</ref>
**Researchers report [[Lac-Phe]] as the most significantly induced circulating [[metabolite]] in two animal models of [[exercise]]<!--, with increases also being observed in humans,--> which – including via chronic administration – reduces food intake and suppresses obesity.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Appetite-suppressing molecule helps obese mice lose weight |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2324591-appetite-suppressing-molecule-helps-obese-mice-lose-weight/ |access-date=18 July 2022 |work=New Scientist}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Li |first1=Veronica L. |last2=He |first2=Yang |last3=Contrepois |first3=Kévin |last4=Liu |first4=Hailan |last5=Kim |first5=Joon T. |last6=Wiggenhorn |first6=Amanda L. |last7=Tanzo |first7=Julia T. |last8=Tung |first8=Alan Sheng-Hwa |last9=Lyu |first9=Xuchao |last10=Zushin |first10=Peter-James H. |last11=Jansen |first11=Robert S. |last12=Michael |first12=Basil |last13=Loh |first13=Kang Yong |last14=Yang |first14=Andrew C. |last15=Carl |first15=Christian S. |last16=Voldstedlund |first16=Christian T. |last17=Wei |first17=Wei |last18=Terrell |first18=Stephanie M. |last19=Moeller |first19=Benjamin C. |last20=Arthur |first20=Rick M. |last21=Wallis |first21=Gareth A. |last22=van de Wetering |first22=Koen |last23=Stahl |first23=Andreas |last24=Kiens |first24=Bente |last25=Richter |first25=Erik A. |last26=Banik |first26=Steven M. |last27=Snyder |first27=Michael P. |last28=Xu |first28=Yong |last29=Long |first29=Jonathan Z. |title=An exercise-inducible metabolite that suppresses feeding and obesity |journal=Nature |date=June 2022 |volume=606 |issue=7915 |pages=785–790 |doi=10.1038/s41586-022-04828-5 |pmid=35705806 |pmc=9767481 |bibcode=2022Natur.606..785L |s2cid=249710767 |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref>
*20 June
**A study suggests global [[food mile]]s {{CO2}} emissions are 3.5–7.5 times [[Sustainable food system#Environmental impact of food miles|higher than previously estimated]], with transport accounting for about 19% of total food-system emissions,<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Climate impact of food miles three times greater than previously believed, study finds |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/jun/21/climate-impact-of-food-miles-three-times-greater-than-previously-believed-study-finds |access-date=13 July 2022 |work=The Guardian |date=20 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Li |first1=Mengyu |last2=Jia |first2=Nanfei |last3=Lenzen |first3=Manfred |last4=Malik |first4=Arunima |last5=Wei |first5=Liyuan |last6=Jin |first6=Yutong |last7=Raubenheimer |first7=David |title=Global food-miles account for nearly 20% of total food-systems emissions |journal=Nature Food |date=June 2022 |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=445–453 |doi=10.1038/s43016-022-00531-w |pmid=37118044 |s2cid=249916086 |language=en |issn=2662-1355}}</ref> albeit shifting towards plant-based diets remains substantially more important.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=How much do food miles matter and should you buy local produce? |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2325164-how-much-do-food-miles-matter-and-should-you-buy-local-produce/ |access-date=13 July 2022 |work=New Scientist}}</ref>
**Researchers demonstrate a [[MRI]]-[[machine learning|ML]]-based approach that can [[screening (medicine)|diagnose]] [[Alzheimer's disease#Techniques|early Alzheimer's disease]] {{tooltip|2=according to the study's lead scientist, 'Currently no other simple and widely available methods can predict Alzheimer's disease with this level of accuracy'|with high accuracy}} and may help identify unknown related changes in the brain.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Single MRI scan of the brain could detect Alzheimer's disease |url=https://physicsworld.com/a/single-mri-scan-of-the-brain-could-detect-alzheimers-disease/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |work=Physics World |date=13 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Inglese |first1=Marianna |last2=Patel |first2=Neva |last3=Linton-Reid |first3=Kristofer |last4=Loreto |first4=Flavia |last5=Win |first5=Zarni |last6=Perry |first6=Richard J. |last7=Carswell |first7=Christopher |last8=Grech-Sollars |first8=Matthew |last9=Crum |first9=William R. |last10=Lu |first10=Haonan |last11=Malhotra |first11=Paresh A. |last12=Aboagye |first12=Eric O. |title=A predictive model using the mesoscopic architecture of the living brain to detect Alzheimer's disease |journal=Communications Medicine |date=20 June 2022 |volume=2 |issue=1 |page=70 |doi=10.1038/s43856-022-00133-4 |pmid=35759330 |pmc=9209493 |language=en |issn=2730-664X}}</ref>
*21 June &ndash; The inability to [[Standing|stand]] on one leg for 10 seconds in mid to later life is linked to a near-doubling in the risk of death from any cause within the next 10 years.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2022/june/tne-second-one-legged-stance.html |title=Inability to stand on one leg in mid to later life linked to higher risk of death |work=University of Bristol| date=21 June 2022| access-date=22 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Araujo |first1=Claudio Gil |last2=Silva |first2=Christina Grüne de Souza e |last3=Laukkanen |first3=Jari Antero |last4=Singh |first4=Maria Fiatarone |last5=Kunutsor |first5=Setor Kwadzo |last6=Myers |first6=Jonathan |last7=Franca |first7=João Felipe |last8=Castro |first8=Claudia Lucia |title=Successful 10-second one-legged stance performance predicts survival in middle-aged and older individuals |journal=British Journal of Sports Medicine |date=15 May 2022 |volume=56 |issue=17 |pages=975–980 |doi=10.1136/bjsports-2021-105360 |pmid=35728834 |s2cid=249923034 |language=en |issn=0306-3674}}</ref>
*22 June
**A study concludes that [[Metastasis|the spread]] of [[breast cancer]] accelerates during [[sleep]]<!--, related to key circadian rhythm hormones-->.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Breast cancer is more likely to spread during sleep |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2325638-breast-cancer-is-more-likely-to-spread-during-sleep/ |access-date=13 July 2022 |work=New Scientist}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Diamantopoulou |first1=Zoi |last2=Castro-Giner |first2=Francesc |last3=Schwab |first3=Fabienne Dominique |last4=Foerster |first4=Christiane |last5=Saini |first5=Massimo |last6=Budinjas |first6=Selina |last7=Strittmatter |first7=Karin |last8=Krol |first8=Ilona |last9=Seifert |first9=Bettina |last10=Heinzelmann-Schwarz |first10=Viola |last11=Kurzeder |first11=Christian |last12=Rochlitz |first12=Christoph |last13=Vetter |first13=Marcus |last14=Weber |first14=Walter Paul |last15=Aceto |first15=Nicola |title=The metastatic spread of breast cancer accelerates during sleep |journal=Nature |date=July 2022 |volume=607 |issue=7917 |pages=156–162 |doi=10.1038/s41586-022-04875-y |pmid=35732738 |bibcode=2022Natur.607..156D |hdl=20.500.11850/555910 |s2cid=249955439 |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref>
**''Agilicious'', an [[free and open source software|open-source]] and [[open-hardware]] versatile standardized [[quadcopter|quadrotor]] [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|drone]], currently tailored toward agility, [[Open-source robotics|is released]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Brahambhatt |first1=Rupendra |title=Agilicious: Autonomous drone can dodge obstacles at breakneck 40 mph speeds |url=https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/agilicious-open-source-framework |access-date=4 February 2023 |work=interestingengineering.com |date=22 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Foehn |first1=Philipp |last2=Kaufmann |first2=Elia |last3=Romero |first3=Angel |last4=Penicka |first4=Robert |last5=Sun |first5=Sihao |last6=Bauersfeld |first6=Leonard |last7=Laengle |first7=Thomas |last8=Cioffi |first8=Giovanni |last9=Song |first9=Yunlong |last10=Loquercio |first10=Antonio |last11=Scaramuzza |first11=Davide |title=Agilicious: Open-source and open-hardware agile quadrotor for vision-based flight |journal=Science Robotics |date=22 June 2022 |volume=7 |issue=67 |pages=eabl6259 |doi=10.1126/scirobotics.abl6259 |pmid=35731886 |s2cid=249955269 |language=en |issn=2470-9476}}</ref>
**The world's first [[quantum computer]] [[integrated circuit]] is demonstrated.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.sciencealert.com/a-huge-step-forward-in-quantum-computing-was-just-announced-the-first-ever-quantum-circuit |title=A Huge Step Forward in Quantum Computing Was Just Announced: The First-Ever Quantum Circuit |work=Science Alert | date=22 June 2022| access-date=23 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Kiczynski |first1=M. |last2=Gorman |first2=S. K. |last3=Geng |first3=H. |last4=Donnelly |first4=M. B. |last5=Chung |first5=Y. |last6=He |first6=Y. |last7=Keizer |first7=J. G. |last8=Simmons |first8=M. Y. |title=Engineering topological states in atom-based semiconductor quantum dots |journal=Nature |date=June 2022 |volume=606 |issue=7915 |pages=694–699 |doi=10.1038/s41586-022-04706-0 |pmid=35732762 |pmc=9217742 |bibcode=2022Natur.606..694K |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}
* Press release: {{#invoke:cite web || url=https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/science-tech/unsw-quantum-scientists-deliver-world%E2%80%99s-first-integrated-circuit-atomic-scale |title=UNSW quantum scientists deliver world's first integrated circuit at the atomic scale |work=[[University of New South Wales]] | date=23 June 2022| access-date=23 June 2022}}</ref>
*23 June
**The [[Largest organisms#Bacteria|largest]] known [[bacterium]], and an organism that has encapsulated DNA despite being identified as a [[prokaryote]] and not an [[eukaryote]], {{tooltip|2=visible to the naked eye and 'about 50 times the size of other giant bacteria and about 5,000 times the size of most other average-size bacterial species'|with an average length of 10 mm}}, ''[[Thiomargarita magnifica|T. magnifica]]'' is reported.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Largest known bacteria in the world are visible to the naked eye |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2325909-largest-known-bacteria-in-the-world-are-visible-to-the-naked-eye/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |work=New Scientist}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Volland |first1=Jean-Marie |last2=Gonzalez-Rizzo |first2=Silvina |last3=Gros |first3=Olivier |last4=Tyml |first4=Tomáš |last5=Ivanova |first5=Natalia |last6=Schulz |first6=Frederik |last7=Goudeau |first7=Danielle |last8=Elisabeth |first8=Nathalie H. |last9=Nath |first9=Nandita |last10=Udwary |first10=Daniel |last11=Malmstrom |first11=Rex R. |last12=Guidi-Rontani |first12=Chantal |last13=Bolte-Kluge |first13=Susanne |last14=Davies |first14=Karen M. |last15=Jean |first15=Maïtena R. |last16=Mansot |first16=Jean-Louis |last17=Mouncey |first17=Nigel J. |last18=Angert |first18=Esther R. |last19=Woyke |first19=Tanja |last20=Date |first20=Shailesh V. |title=A centimeter-long bacterium with DNA contained in metabolically active, membrane-bound organelles |journal=Science |date=24 June 2022 |volume=376 |issue=6600 |pages=1453–1458 |doi=10.1126/science.abb3634 |pmid=35737788 |bibcode=2022Sci...376.1453V |s2cid=249990020 |language=en |issn=0036-8075}}</ref>
**A review shows prevalence of [[long COVID]] conditions – like mood symptoms, [[chronic fatigue syndrome|fatigue]] and sleep disorders – in people age 0–18 years appears to be at ~25% overall.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=The prevalence of long-COVID in children and adolescents |url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220627/The-prevalence-of-long-COVID-in-children-and-adolescents.aspx |access-date=15 July 2022 |work=News-Medical.net |date=27 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Lopez-Leon |first1=Sandra |last2=Wegman-Ostrosky |first2=Talia |last3=Ayuzo del Valle |first3=Norma Cipatli |last4=Perelman |first4=Carol |last5=Sepulveda |first5=Rosalinda |last6=Rebolledo |first6=Paulina A. |last7=Cuapio |first7=Angelica |last8=Villapol |first8=Sonia |title=Long-COVID in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses |journal=Scientific Reports |date=23 June 2022 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=9950 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-13495-5 |pmid=35739136 |pmc=9226045 |bibcode=2022NatSR..12.9950L |language=en |issn=2045-2322}}</ref>
**Two studies about aging-related characteristics of [[Longevity|long-lived]] animals like turtles are published, identifying potentially causal protective traits and suggesting many of the species have "slow or negligible [[senescence]]" (or aging).<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Some turtles that live longer have a lower chance of dying each year |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2325563-some-turtles-that-live-longer-have-a-lower-chance-of-dying-each-year/ |access-date=18 July 2022 |work=New Scientist}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Reinke |first1=Beth A. |last2=Cayuela |first2=Hugo |last3=Janzen |first3=Fredric J. |display-authors=et al. |title=Diverse aging rates in ectothermic tetrapods provide insights for the evolution of aging and longevity |journal=Science |date=24 June 2022 |volume=376 |issue=6600 |pages=1459–1466 |doi=10.1126/science.abm0151 |pmid=35737773 |bibcode=2022Sci...376.1459R |s2cid=249990458 |language=en |issn=0036-8075|url=https://kar.kent.ac.uk/95536/1/Richard%20Griffiths%20-%20Reinke%20et%20al%202022%20Science.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=da Silva |first1=Rita |last2=Conde |first2=Dalia A. |last3=Baudisch |first3=Annette |last4=Colchero |first4=Fernando |title=Slow and negligible senescence among testudines challenges evolutionary theories of senescence |journal=Science |date=24 June 2022 |volume=376 |issue=6600 |pages=1466–1470 |doi=10.1126/science.abl7811 |pmid=35737795 |bibcode=2022Sci...376.1466D |s2cid=249989852 |language=en |issn=0036-8075}}</ref>
**Researchers report the controlled growth of diverse foods in the dark {{tooltip|2=via a two-step electrocatalytic process that converts carbon dioxide, electricity, and water into acetate, which is then consumed by food-producing organisms to grow|via solar energy and [[electrocatalysis]]-based [[artificial photosynthesis]]}} as a potential way to increase [[sustainable food system|energy efficiency of food production and reduce its environmental impacts]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Reynolds |first1=Matt |title=Scientists Are Trying to Grow Crops in the Dark |url=https://www.wired.com/story/plants-growing-in-darkness/ |access-date=23 July 2022 |magazine=Wired}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Hann |first1=Elizabeth C. |last2=Overa |first2=Sean |last3=Harland-Dunaway |first3=Marcus |last4=Narvaez |first4=Andrés F. |last5=Le |first5=Dang N. |last6=Orozco-Cárdenas |first6=Martha L. |last7=Jiao |first7=Feng |last8=Jinkerson |first8=Robert E. |title=A hybrid inorganic–biological artificial photosynthesis system for energy-efficient food production |journal=Nature Food |date=June 2022 |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=461–471 |doi=10.1038/s43016-022-00530-x |pmid=37118051 |s2cid=250004816 |language=en |issn=2662-1355}}</ref>
*24 June
**NASA publishes images showing an unexpected and unexplained double crater from what is thought to be the first time human [[space debris]] – likely by a spent [[rocket body]] – unintentionally [[Hertzsprung (crater)#2022 Long March 3C third stage impact|hit the lunar surface on 4 March]].<!--List of artificial objects on the Moon--><ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Strickland |first1=Ashley |last2=Hunt |first2=Katie |title=New double crater seen on the moon after mystery rocket impact |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/06/27/world/rocket-moon-impact-crater-scn/index.html |access-date=13 July 2022 |work=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||last1=Garner |first1=Rob |title=Rocket Impact Site on Moon Seen by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2022/nasas-lunar-reconnaissance-orbiter-spots-rocket-impact-site-on-moon |website=NASA |access-date=13 July 2022 |date=23 June 2022}}</ref>
**Early [[2022 monkeypox outbreak]] research:<br/>A study reports [[Phylogenetics|phylogenomic characterization]] of the first monkeypox (MP) virus outbreak genome sequences, finding the "presumably slow-evolving" [[DNA virus]] has evolved roughly 6–12-fold more mutations than one would expect and 15 [[Single-nucleotide polymorphism|SNP]] [[point mutation|mutations]] [[Microevolution|since the beginning of the outbreak]]<!--which could indicate adaptation to humans such as increasing transmissibility-->.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Monkeypox mutating 12 times faster than expected as daily UK cases 'could hit 60,000' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/monkeypox-virus-uk-cases-mutating-b2111814.html |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=The Independent |date=29 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="mpxwho"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Isidro |first1=Joana |last2=Borges |first2=Vítor |last3=Pinto |first3=Miguel |last4=Sobral |first4=Daniel |last5=Santos |first5=João Dourado |last6=Nunes |first6=Alexandra |last7=Mixão |first7=Verónica |last8=Ferreira |first8=Rita |last9=Santos |first9=Daniela |last10=Duarte |first10=Silvia |last11=Vieira |first11=Luís |last12=Borrego |first12=Maria José |last13=Núncio |first13=Sofia |last14=de Carvalho |first14=Isabel Lopes |last15=Pelerito |first15=Ana |last16=Cordeiro |first16=Rita |last17=Gomes |first17=João Paulo |title=Phylogenomic characterization and signs of microevolution in the 2022 multi-country outbreak of monkeypox virus |journal=Nature Medicine |date=24 June 2022 |volume=28 |issue=8 |pages=1569–1572 |doi=10.1038/s41591-022-01907-y |pmid=35750157 |pmc=9388373 |s2cid=250022488 |language=en |issn=1546-170X}}
* News article: {{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Reardon |first1=Sara |title=Why is Monkeypox Evolving So Fast? |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-is-monkeypox-evolving-so-fast/ |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=Scientific American |language=en}}</ref> The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] announces that MP is not yet a global public health emergency but [[pandemic prevention|a cause for deep concern]] (25 June).<ref name="mpxwho">{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Monkeypox is not a global health emergency for now, WHO says |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/monkeypox-who-not-global-public-health-emergency |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=Science News |date=26 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="mpoverview">{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=MacIntyre |first1=C. Raina |title=Monkeypox is not a global emergency for now, says WHO |url=https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-06-monkeypox-global-emergency.html |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=medicalxpress.com |language=en}}</ref> Early overviews and reviews, including about current knowledge about MP prevention and treatment, are published.<ref name="mpoverview"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Rizvi |first1=Zain |last2=Gonsalves |first2=Gregg |title=Monkeypox is spreading. We must move quickly, avoid past mistakes to protect LGBTQ people. |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/opinion/contributors/2022/07/07/monkeypox-response-vaccine-lgbtq/7792405001/ |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=USA TODAY}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Titanji |first1=Boghuma K |last2=Tegomoh |first2=Bryan |last3=Nematollahi |first3=Saman |last4=Konomos |first4=Michael |last5=Kulkarni |first5=Prathit A |title=Monkeypox: A Contemporary Review for Healthcare Professionals |journal=Open Forum Infectious Diseases |date=1 July 2022 |volume=9 |issue=7 |pages=ofac310 |doi=10.1093/ofid/ofac310 |pmid=35891689 |pmc=9307103 |issn=2328-8957}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Rizk |first1=John G. |last2=Lippi |first2=Giuseppe |last3=Henry |first3=Brandon M. |last4=Forthal |first4=Donald N. |last5=Rizk |first5=Youssef |title=Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox |journal=Drugs |date=1 June 2022 |volume=82 |issue=9 |pages=957–963 |doi=10.1007/s40265-022-01742-y |pmid=35763248 |pmc=9244487 |language=en |issn=1179-1950}}
* News article: {{#invoke:cite news ||title=Researchers investigate prevention and therapy against monkeypox infection |url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220704/Researchers-investigate-prevention-and-therapy-against-monkeypox-infection.aspx |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=News-Medical.net |date=4 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Scientists are investigating circulating lineages (and potential variants) of the MP virus and compare them to the African endemic lineages.<ref name="mpoverview"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Luna |first1=Nicolas |last2=Ramírez |first2=Angie L. |last3=Muñoz |first3=Marina |last4=Ballesteros |first4=Nathalia |last5=Patiño |first5=Luz H. |last6=Castañeda |first6=Sergio Andres |last7=Bonilla-Aldana |first7=D. Katterine |last8=Paniz-Mondolfi |first8=Alberto |last9=Ramírez |first9=Juan David |title=Phylogenomic analysis of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) 2022 outbreak: Emergence of a novel viral lineage? |journal=Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease |date=1 September 2022 |volume=49 |pages=102402 |doi=10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102402 |pmid=35840078 |pmc=9628808 |s2cid=250540323 |language=en |issn=1477-8939}}
* News article: {{#invoke:cite news ||title=Researchers assess the evolution and diversity of monkeypox virus genomes using phylogenomic analysis |url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220718/Researchers-assess-the-evolution-and-diversity-of-monkeypox-virus-genomes-using-phylogenomic-analysis.aspx |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=News-Medical.net |date=18 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite bioRxiv |last1=Gigante |first1=Crystal M. |last2=Korber |first2=Bette |last3=Seabolt |first3=Matthew H. |last4=Wilkins |first4=Kimberly |last5=Davidson |first5=Whitni |last6=Rao |first6=Agam K. |last7=Zhao |first7=Hui |last8=Hughes |first8=Christine M. |last9=Minhaj |first9=Faisal |last10=Waltenburg |first10=Michelle A. |last11=Theiler |first11=James |last12=Smole |first12=Sandra |last13=Gallagher |first13=Glen R. |last14=Blythe |first14=David |last15=Myers |first15=Robert |last16=Schulte |first16=Joann |last17=Stringer |first17=Joey |last18=Lee |first18=Philip |last19=Mendoza |first19=Rafael M. |last20=Griffin-Thomas |first20=LaToya A. |last21=Crain |first21=Jenny |last22=Murray |first22=Jade |last23=Atkinson |first23=Annette |last24=Gonzalez |first24=Anthony H. |last25=Nash |first25=June |last26=Batra |first26=Dhwani |last27=Damon |first27=Inger |last28=McQuiston |first28=Jennifer |last29=Hutson |first29=Christina L. |last30=McCollum |first30=Andrea M. |last31=Li |first31=Yu |title=Multiple lineages of Monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021- 2022 |biorxiv=10.1101/2022.06.10.495526v1 |language=en |date=11 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=Nextstrain – Monkeypox |url=https://nextstrain.org/monkeypox/hmpxv1 |website=nextstrain.org |access-date=22 July 2022}}</ref> A [[preprint]] suggests that cases "where a small fraction of individuals have disproportionately large numbers of partners, can explain the sustained growth of monkeypox cases among the [[men who have sex with men|MSM]] population" (13 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Bajaj |first1=Simar |title=What You Need to Know About the History of Monkeypox |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-history-of-monkeypox-180980301/ |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Endo |first1=Akira |last2=Murayama |first2=Hiroaki |last3=Abbott |first3=Sam |last4=Ratnayake |first4=Ruwan |last5=Pearson |first5=Carl A. B. |last6=Edmunds |first6=W. John |last7=Fearon |first7=Elizabeth |last8=Funk |first8=Sebastian |title=Heavy-tailed sexual contact networks and the epidemiology of monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic regions, May 2022 |website=medRxiv |url=https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.06.13.22276353v1 |pages=2022.06.13.22276353 |language=en |doi=10.1101/2022.06.13.22276353 |date=13 June 2022|s2cid=249621940 }}</ref> The MP incubation period is estimated to be 8.5 days on average and up to 21 days (16 June).<ref name="mpoverview"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Miura |first1=Fuminari |last2=Ewijk |first2=Catharina Else van |last3=Backer |first3=Jantien A. |last4=Xiridou |first4=Maria |last5=Franz |first5=Eelco |last6=Coul |first6=Eline Op de |last7=Brandwagt |first7=Diederik |last8=Cleef |first8=Brigitte van |last9=Rijckevorsel |first9=Gini van |last10=Swaan |first10=Corien |last11=Hof |first11=Susan van den |last12=Wallinga |first12=Jacco |title=Estimated incubation period for monkeypox cases confirmed in the Netherlands, May 2022 |journal=Eurosurveillance |date=16 June 2022 |volume=27 |issue=24 |pages=2200448 |doi=10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.24.2200448 |pmid=35713026 |pmc=9205160 |language=en |issn=1560-7917}}
* News article: {{#invoke:cite news ||title=Scientists estimate the incubation period of 2022 monkeypox |url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220615/Scientists-estimate-the-incubation-period-of-2022-monkeypox.aspx |access-date=22 July 2022 |work=News-Medical.net |date=15 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The [[protein folding|3D-folded]] structures of the whole [[proteome]] of the current DNA virus [[Protein structure prediction|are predicted]], which may be useful for the development of (better or updated) vaccines and drugs (28 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Zheng |first1=Liangzhen |last2=Meng |first2=Jintao |last3=Lin |first3=Mingzhi |last4=Lv |first4=Rui |last5=Cheng |first5=Hongxi |last6=Zou |first6=Lixin |last7=Sun |first7=Jinyuan |last8=Li |first8=Linxian X. |last9=Ren |first9=Ruobing |last10=Wang |first10=Sheng |title=Structure prediction of the entire proteome of monkeypox variants |journal=Acta Materia Medica |date=28 June 2022 |volume=1 |issue=2 |doi=10.15212/AMM-2022-0017 |s2cid=250136009 |issn=2737-7946}}</ref> A study indicates MP contaminated surfaces within hospitals and households could be infectious (30 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Nörz |first1=Dominik |last2=Pfefferle |first2=Susanne |last3=Brehm |first3=Thomas T. |last4=Franke |first4=Gefion |last5=Grewe |first5=Ilka |last6=Knobling |first6=Birte |last7=Aepfelbacher |first7=Martin |last8=Huber |first8=Samuel |last9=Klupp |first9=Eva M. |last10=Jordan |first10=Sabine |last11=Addo |first11=Marylyn M. |last12=Wiesch |first12=Julian Schulze zur |last13=Schmiedel |first13=Stefan |last14=Lütgehetmann |first14=Marc |last15=Knobloch |first15=Johannes K. |title=Evidence of surface contamination in hospital rooms occupied by patients infected with monkeypox, Germany, June 2022 |journal=Eurosurveillance |date=30 June 2022 |volume=27 |issue=26 |pages=2200477 |doi=10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.26.2200477 |pmid=35775427 |pmc=9248266 |s2cid=250356219 |language=en |issn=1560-7917}}
* News article: {{#invoke:cite news ||title=The contamination of surfaces in hospital rooms housing monkeypox patients |url=https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220706/The-contamination-of-surfaces-in-hospital-rooms-housing-monkeypox-patients.aspx |work=News-Medical.net |date=6 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
*25 June &ndash; A study indicates that the [[Climate change in the Arctic|Arctic is warming four times faster than global warming]] now, substantially faster than current [[CMIP6]] models could project.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Arctic temperatures are increasing four times faster than global warming |url=https://phys.org/news/2022-07-arctic-temperatures-faster-global.html |access-date=18 July 2022 |work=Los Alamos National Laboratory |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Chylek |first1=Petr |last2=Folland |first2=Chris |last3=Klett |first3=James D. |last4=Wang |first4=Muyin |last5=Hengartner |first5=Nick |last6=Lesins |first6=Glen |last7=Dubey |first7=Manvendra K. |title=Annual Mean Arctic Amplification 1970–2020: Observed and Simulated by CMIP6 Climate Models |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |date=16 July 2022 |volume=49 |issue=13 |doi=10.1029/2022GL099371 |bibcode=2022GeoRL..4999371C |s2cid=250097858 |language=en |issn=0094-8276}}</ref>
*27 June
**With {{tooltip|2=the Tibetan Glacier Genome and Gene catalog|a small catalog}} of unknown bacteria, researchers suggest work on microbes soon to be released from [[Effects of climate change#Glaciers and ice sheets decline|melting glaciers]] across the world to [[Pandemic prevention#Climate change|identify and understand potential threats in advance]] and understand [[extremophile]]s.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Yirka |first1=Bob |title=Bacteria species found in glacial ice could pose disease risk as glaciers melt from global warming |url=https://phys.org/news/2022-06-bacteria-species-glacial-ice-pose.html |access-date=15 July 2022 |work=phys.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Liu |first1=Yongqin |last2=Ji |first2=Mukan |last3=Yu |first3=Tao |last4=Zaugg |first4=Julian |last5=Anesio |first5=Alexandre M. |last6=Zhang |first6=Zhihao |last7=Hu |first7=Songnian |last8=Hugenholtz |first8=Philip |last9=Liu |first9=Keshao |last10=Liu |first10=Pengfei |last11=Chen |first11=Yuying |last12=Luo |first12=Yingfeng |last13=Yao |first13=Tandong |title=A genome and gene catalog of glacier microbiomes |journal=Nature Biotechnology |date=27 June 2022 |volume=40 |issue=9 |pages=1341–1348 |doi=10.1038/s41587-022-01367-2 |pmid=35760913 |s2cid=250091380 |language=en |issn=1546-1696}}</ref>
**Progress in [[climate change mitigation]] (CCM) [[living review]]-like works:<br/>The [[living document]]-like aggregation, assessment, integration and [[scientific review|review]] website [[Project Drawdown]] adds 11 new CCM solutions to its organized set of mitigation techniques.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Hanley |first1=Steve |title=Latest Project Drawdown Update Adds 11 New Ways To Stop Global Heating |url=https://cleantechnica.com/2022/07/04/latest-project-drawdown-update-adds-11-new-ways-to-stop-global-heating/ |access-date=21 July 2022 |work=CleanTechnica |date=4 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=Project Drawdown updates world's leading set of climate solutions—adding 11 new solutions for addressing the climate crisis |url=https://drawdown.org/news/insights/project-drawdown-updates-world%E2%80%99s-leading-set-of-climate-solutions%E2%80%94adding-11-new |website=Project Drawdown |access-date=21 July 2022 |language=en |date=24 June 2022}}</ref> The website's modeling framework is used in a study document to show that [[circular economy|metal recycling]] has significant potential for CCM (2 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Gorman |first1=Miranda R. |last2=Dzombak |first2=David A. |last3=Frischmann |first3=Chad |title=Potential global GHG emissions reduction from increased adoption of metals recycling |journal=Resources, Conservation and Recycling |date=1 September 2022 |volume=184 |pages=106424 |doi=10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106424 |s2cid=249321004 |language=en |issn=0921-3449}}</ref> A revised or updated version of a major worldwide [[100% renewable energy]] proposed plan and model is published (28 June).<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Harvey |first1=George |title=We Can Have (Just About) Everything We Want For Energy & The Climate |url=https://cleantechnica.com/2022/07/04/we-can-have-just-about-everything-we-want-for-energy-the-climate/ |access-date=21 July 2022 |work=CleanTechnica |date=4 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Jacobson |first1=Mark Z. |last2=Krauland |first2=Anna-Katharina von |last3=Coughlin |first3=Stephen J. |last4=Dukas |first4=Emily |last5=Nelson |first5=Alexander J. H. |last6=Palmer |first6=Frances C. |last7=Rasmussen |first7=Kylie R. |title=Low-cost solutions to global warming, air pollution, and energy insecurity for 145 countries |journal=Energy & Environmental Science |date=28 June 2022 |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=3343–3359 |doi=10.1039/D2EE00722C |s2cid=250126767 |language=en |issn=1754-5706|url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/efmh/jacobson/Articles/I/145Country/22-145Countries.pdf}}</ref>
*28 June
**Physicists report that [[Search for extraterrestrial intelligence#Quantum communications|interstellar quantum communication by other civilizations]] could be possible and may be advantageous, identifying some potential challenges and factors for detecting such. They may use, for example, X-ray photons for remotely established [[quantum communication|channels]] and [[quantum teleportation]] as the communication mode.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Conover |first1=Emily |title=Aliens could send quantum messages to Earth, calculations suggest |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/alien-quantum-communication-extraterrestrial-communication-signal |access-date=13 July 2022 |work=Science News |date=5 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Berera |first1=Arjun |last2=Calderón-Figueroa |first2=Jaime |title=Viability of quantum communication across interstellar distances |journal=Physical Review D |date=28 June 2022 |volume=105 |issue=12 |pages=123033 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.105.123033|arxiv=2205.11816|bibcode=2022PhRvD.105l3033B |s2cid=249017926 }}</ref>
**A [[scientific review|review]] elucidates the current state of [[Effects of climate change#Weather|climate change]] [[extreme event attribution]] science, concluding probabilities and {{tooltip|2=costs attributable to anthropogenic climate change overall such as economic costs, financial costs and number of early losses of life|costs-severities}} of links as well as identifying potential ways for its improvement.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=Climate change is driving 2022 extreme heat and flooding |url=https://news.trust.org/item/20220628092027-g2xea/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |work=Thomson Reuters Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite journal ||last1=Clarke |first1=Ben |last2=Otto |first2=Friederike |last3=Stuart-Smith |first3=Rupert |last4=Harrington |first4=Luke |title=Extreme weather impacts of climate change: an attribution perspective |journal=Environmental Research: Climate |date=28 June 2022 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=012001 |doi=10.1088/2752-5295/ac6e7d |s2cid=250134589 |language=en |issn=2752-5295}}</ref>
*30 June
**[[Samsung]] announces the first mass production of computer chips using a [[3 nm]] process. These feature a [[Multigate device#Gate-all-around FET (GAAFET)|gate-all-around]] [[transistor]] architecture that reduces power consumption by up to 45%, improves performance by 23% and reduces area by 16% compared to 5&nbsp;nm.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web || url=https://news.samsung.com/global/samsung-begins-chip-production-using-3nm-process-technology-with-gaa-architecture |title=Samsung Begins Chip Production Using 3nm Process Technology With GAA Architecture |work=Samsung | date=30 June 2022| access-date=3 July 2022}}</ref>
**Researchers, health organizations and regulators are discussing, {{tooltip|2=(including with preliminary laboratory studies and trials)|investigating}} and partly recommending [[COVID-19 vaccine]] boosters that mix the original vaccine formulation with [[SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant|Omicron]]-adjusted parts – such as [[spike protein]]s of a specific Omicron subvariant – to better prepare the immune system to recognize a wide variety of [[SARS-CoV-2 variants|variants]] amid substantial and ongoing immune evasion by Omicron.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||title=New COVID-19 boosters could contain bits of the omicron variant |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/covid-vaccine-booster-omicron-variant-coronavirus |access-date=19 July 2022 |work=Science News |date=30 June 2022}}</ref>