Music of Minecraft

The music of the 2009 video game Minecraft, developed by Mojang Studios, primarily consists of two soundtrack albums by German musician Daniel Rosenfeld, also known as C418. American composer Lena Raine has also contributed with one album and two extended plays since 2020. Music included in downloadable content (DLC) for legacy console versions of the game was handled by British musician Gareth Coker, who released six soundtrack albums from 2016 to 2020.

Rosenfeld was solely responsible for the soundtrack for the Java Edition of the game until 2020, with Minecraft – Volume Alpha (2011) and its follow-up double album Minecraft – Volume Beta (2013) both released independently. With the launch of various DLC for Minecraft: Bedrock Edition in 2016, Coker issued three soundtrack albums, producing an additional three in the following four years. In 2020, Raine released the Minecraft: Nether Update EP and has since issued one album – Minecraft: Caves & Cliffs (2021) featuring contributions by Kumi Tanioka, and an additional EP for the game's Wild Update (2022) with Samuel Åberg. Citing licensing issues with Microsoft, an original third album composed by Rosenfeld, which was first hinted at in 2015, has still not come to fruition. His final contribution to the game was in 2018, releasing three singles for its Aquatic Update.

Sonically, the soundtrack consists largely of ambient music and has been lauded by critics – in 2011, video game blog Kotaku cited it as one of the best video game soundtracks of that year.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Background and artistry

C418

German musician Daniel Rosenfeld had been making music under the moniker C418 since he was 15 years old, and was influenced by the electronic work of Aphex Twin.<ref name="motherboard2">Template:Cite web</ref> From 2007, he became active on online indie game community TIGSource where he met Markus Persson, who was still in the early stages of developing Minecraft.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Rosenfeld was given creative freedom to create a soundtrack for the tech demo,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and opted to make ambient music reminiscent of the works of Brian Eno and Vangelis. He was interested in "games with music that takes you completely by surprise," citing Dwarf Fortress as inspiration. Therefore, Rosenfeld wanted to "make something organic and partly electronic, partly acoustic" for Minecraft.<ref name="motherboard2" /> Further, he intended to make the music as unintrusive to the player as possible, as if "they’d only notice it when something interesting happens in the game."<ref name="Guardian22" /> However, the soundtrack's minimalistic style was also due to technical constraints, as he admitted the game "has a terrible sound engine."<ref name="Guardian22">Template:Cite news</ref>

Persson chose to commission the music from Rosenfeld, meaning the artist still retains ownership of all the music he made for Minecraft.<ref name="motherboard2" /> Both the soundtrack albums also contain music not intended for the game, "extending the album into a more cohesive piece that can be played on its own."<ref name="motherboard2" />

Lena Raine

In 2020, American composer Lena Raine was contacted by Mojang Studios to compose music for the Nether Update in Minecraft.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She had previously handled the soundtrack for video game Celeste (2018), and had just released her debut studio album Oneknowing (2019).<ref name="Boddy">Template:Cite web</ref> In composing music for Minecraft, she felt "immense pressure" to deliver due to the "very highly acclaimed score" already in the game.<ref name=":02">Template:Cite web</ref> After submitting a demo, her goal with the Nether Update soundtrack was to see how far she "could push the sound of the piano until it resembled other things entirely."<ref name=":24">Template:Cite web</ref> With her third contributions to the game in 2022, Raine wrote she wanted to "focus the musical style around more of a blend between synths and live instrumentation," while continuing to use "strings, piano, and woodwinds in places."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Albums

Minecraft – Volume Alpha

Template:Main The first installment of the game's soundtrack, Minecraft – Volume Alpha, was released digitally on 4 March 2011 independently by Daniel Rosenfeld.<ref name="Bandcamp4">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In June 2015, the record received its first pressing to vinyl and CD through American record label Ghostly.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2022, the album was nominated for Top Dance/Electronic Album at the Billboard Music Awards.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

The album was met with positive reviews, with Andy Kellman from AllMusic praising its replay value, stating that "none of the recurring elements is pronounced or simple enough to become fatiguing with repeated play".<ref name="Allmusic3">Kellman, Andy "[[[:Template:AllMusic]] Minecraft – Volume Alpha Review]", AllMusic, Macrovision Corporation, retrieved 21 March 2018</ref>

"Sweden", one of the songs in the album, is one of the most-streamed songs from a video game on Spotify, with over 141 million streams.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Minecraft – Volume Beta

Template:Main On 9 November 2013, Rosenfeld released Minecraft – Volume Beta as his fifth studio album and the game's second soundtrack album.<ref name="Bandcamp22">Template:Cite web</ref> It includes music sonically described as having a darker tone than Volume Alpha, added into the game in various updates following his first record. It also contains audio from 10 of the 13 collectable music discs within the game.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2013, the album appeared on the Billboard Dance/Electronic Albums chart, peaking at number 14.<ref name="billboard2">Template:Cite web</ref> It received its first pressing to vinyl and CD through Ghostly in 2020.<ref name="ghostly2">Template:Cite web</ref>

Nether Update

Template:Infobox album On 10 April 2020, it was announced Lena Raine had composed music for the game's Nether Update.<ref name="Boddy"/> On the sequencing of her three new soundtrack songs, Raine claimed she "wanted each piece to feel like a progression of emotions, or a journey from place to place within this other world."<ref name=":24"/> The EP also contains a new in-game music disc, "Pigstep", which has two different mixes on the soundtrack version, released 14 June 2020.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Unlike Rosenfeld's work, Raine published her music digitally through Microsoft Studios Music.Template:Track listing Template:Clear

Caves & Cliffs

On 20 October 2021, the fourth official release of the Minecraft soundtrack was released, with 10 new tracks coinciding with the game's Caves & Cliffs Update. Seven of them were composed by Raine, including "Otherside", a new in-game music disc, and three were handled by Japanese composer Kumi Tanioka, known for her work in the Final Fantasy series.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Wild Update

The fifth installment of the game's soundtrack, including songs introduced in the Wild Update, was released on 20 April 2022. It contains three new tracks by Raine, and a new music disc, "Five", composed by Mojang audio director Samuel Åberg.<ref name=":24"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Trails & Tales

On 26 April 2023, Mojang announced American composer Aaron Cherof had contributed five new tracks to the game, to be introduced in the Trails & Tales Update.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Further contributions

Singles

On 16 July 2018, three new songs from C418 were added to the game for its Aquatic Update.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It marked the first new contributions from Rosenfeld to Minecraft since 2014. The three tracks were released digitally from August – "Dragon Fish" on 9 August, "Shuniji" on 10 November, and "Axolotl" on 12 December 2018.

Potential third C418 album

Rosenfeld first hinted at a potential third soundtrack album in 2015, commenting "I'll still work on Minecraft, so there'll probably be another album."<ref name="FACT2">Template:Cite web</ref> He confirmed the future release in 2017 but claimed it was "still far from done."<ref name="Twitter2">Template:Cite tweet</ref> The musician confirmed on Twitter that the record would be longer than the previous two albums combined, which in total is over three hours and 18 minutes. On 8 January 2021, Rosenfeld was asked in an interview with Anthony Fantano whether or not there was still a third volume of the soundtrack in production. Rosenfeld responded that "I have something—I consider it finished—but things have become complicated, especially as Minecraft is now a big property, so I don't know."<ref>Template:Cite interview</ref>

DLC soundtrack

While Rosenfeld once composed holiday themed music in downloadable content (DLC) for console editions of the game in 2014, British composer Gareth Coker has been responsible for the bulk of music for DLC in Minecraft: Bedrock Edition.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On 21 December 2016, Coker released the albums Battle & Tumble, Chinese Mythology and Greek Mythology to complement three downloadable packs in Bedrock Edition.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Two more records of similar themes, Norse Mythology and Egyptian Mythology, were released in December 2017 and May 2018 respectively.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Coker's final album for DLC was for the Glide Mini Game, releasing on 22 December 2020. Unlike previous work by Rosenfeld, all of Coker's albums for Minecraft were released under Microsoft's own label.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Template:SpacesTemplate:SmallMinecraft: Battle & Tumble (Original Soundtrack) (2016)Template:Spaces

Template:SpacesTemplate:SmallMinecraft: Chinese Mythology (Original Soundtrack) (2016)Template:Spaces

Template:SpacesTemplate:SmallMinecraft: Greek Mythology (Original Soundtrack) (2016)Template:Spaces

Template:SpacesTemplate:SmallMinecraft: Norse Mythology (Original Soundtrack) (2017)Template:Spaces

Template:SpacesTemplate:SmallMinecraft: Egyptian Mythology (Original Soundtrack) (2018)Template:Spaces

Template:SpacesTemplate:SmallMinecraft: Glide Mini Game (Original Soundtrack) (2020)Template:Spaces

Reception

The soundtrack's minimalistic and melancholic composition has been praised by critics.<ref name="KillScreen">Template:Cite web</ref> Keith Stuart of The Guardian noted that Rosenfeld's "wilting, minimalist tracks, slow-paced and slightly melancholy, recall the ambient works of Satie and Eno", calling it the game's "perfect accompaniment."<ref name="Guardian22" /> In 2018, Jamie Hornsey of student newspaper The Boar described the soundtrack's composition as "nostalgia in its purest form," adding: "By encouraging players to associate pieces of music with certain actions, the game becomes capable of conjuring incredibly vivid images in the player’s mind."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Much of the soundtrack's retrospective praise has been directed at Volume Alpha, where Evan Tridone of The Review called the album "arguably the best ambient album to be released this decade."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Writing for Kotaku, Luke Plunkett praised it as a "great album" and as "tranquil as a good night's sleep."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2022, the Minecraft soundtrack placed at number 54 on Australian radio station ABC Classic's top 100 countdown, as voted by listeners.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Charts

Chart performance for albums in the Minecraft soundtrack

Chart	Album	Year	Peak position
US Top Dance/Electronic Albums (Billboard)	Minecraft – Volume Alpha	2021–2022	5
	Minecraft – Volume Beta	2013	14

External links

• Lena Raine's Website
• C418's Website